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Plants

Brazilian jujube

Sarcomphalus joazeiro (Mart.) Hauenschild

Family: Rhamnaceae · Genus: Sarcomphalus

joazeiro

Climax High
Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Evergreen Caatinga tree known for remaining green throughout the dry season thanks to deep taproots that reach groundwater.

Götsch succession

Götsch stage
Climax
Ecological role
Late secondary
Primary stratum
High
Strata
Medium, High

Environment

Light requirement
Full sun
Water requirement
Low
Drought tolerance
High
Waterlogging tolerance
Low

Morphology

Mature height
6–15 m
Root system
Taproot
Root depth
Deep
Growth rate
Slow
Lifespan
80–100 years

Biomes & climate

Köppen classes

Where it fits in a guild

Brazilian jujube takes the High stratum in the Climax phase of succession — in a guild it shares the line with species from the other strata, each harvesting light at its own height, in its own time.

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Emergent High · ≈15 m Medium Low Ground cover

🪴 Cultivation

Thorny evergreen semi-arid species; prefers well-drained stony soils and tolerates no excess moisture, but reaches up to 15 m with moderate watering. A deep taproot draws water from the subsoil, keeping the canopy green through the dry season. Flowers at the end of the dry season / onset of the rains and fruits in the wet season. Propagated from seed sown immediately after harvest (emergence in 3–4 months); slow to develop.

📅 Phenology

Flowering months: November, December, January, February, March, April, May, June

Fruiting months: March, April, May, June, July, August, September

❓ Frequently asked questions

How tall does Brazilian jujube grow?

At maturity, Brazilian jujube reaches 6–15 m tall.

When does Brazilian jujube fruit?

Fruiting of Brazilian jujube occurs in March, April, May, June, July, August, September.

When does Brazilian jujube flower?

Flowering of Brazilian jujube occurs in November, December, January, February, March, April, May, June.

What stage and stratum does Brazilian jujube occupy in a syntropic system?

In a syntropic system, Brazilian jujube belongs to the climax stage, occupying the high stratum.

Functions

Fodder Medicinal 🍯 Melliferous Fuelwood

Propagation

Seed

Citations

  1. General Aspects and Applications of Juazeiro (Ziziphus joazeiro Mart.) — MDPI Processes
  2. Phenological strategies of an evergreen tree in the Caatinga — PLOS One
  3. Phenological strategies of an evergreen tree in the Caatinga — PLOS One (root_system, root_depth, drought_tolerance, phenology)
  4. Árvores do Bioma Cerrado / Projeto Caatinga — Sarcomphalus joazeiro (height_min_m, height_max_m, root_system, root_depth, phenology, propagation, cultivation_notes)
  5. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy — Sarcomphalus joazeiro (Mart.) Hauenschild (gbif_taxon_key, family, genus)

External references

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